This condition affects the capsule that envelops the shoulder joint, when it becomes stiffer, thicker, and retracted. Its main distinguishing sign compared to other shoulder pathologies lies in the notable decrease in joint mobility, whether active or passive, leading to pain, including while at rest. Faced with such symptoms, it is crucial to consult a specialist, as without appropriate treatment, this condition struggles to resolve.
Three phases characterize capsulitis:
– The freezing phase, lasting from two to nine months, marked by constant pain worsened at the end of movement and progressively reducing the range of motion. This period can disrupt sleep.
– The frozen phase, spanning four to twelve months, where pain diminishes at rest but persists during limited movements, with a significant reduction in shoulder mobility.
– The thawing phase, which can last from five to twenty-four months, during which mobility gradually improves and pain decreases, allowing a gradual return to normal activities.
Who is at risk of developing capsulitis?
Research indicates that adhesive capsulitis can appear without any specific reason, mainly affecting women (accounting for 70% of cases) aged 35 to 65 years. It can also result from prolonged immobilization of the shoulder following an injury, surgery, or illness, or be related to other conditions such as diabetes, hypothyroidism, heart or lung diseases, strokes, or Parkinson’s disease. It can also occur following the exacerbation of untreated injuries, such as rotator cuff problems, biceps tendinopathy, calcific tendinopathy, or arthritis.
The role of physiotherapy in the treatment of frozen shoulder
Although complete healing of the frozen shoulder requires patience, treatment is possible. Consulting a physiotherapist for an accurate diagnosis is the first recommended step in case of suspicion or confirmation of capsulitis. This professional can guide the patient through their recovery, offering specific treatments, recommending exercises adapted to each phase of healing, advising on the intensity of the exercises, and accompanying the patient in resuming their usual activities. For patients already undergoing treatment, it is essential to understand that healing is progressive and that treatments take time to be effective. Patience and perseverance will allow for the full use of the shoulder to resume daily activities without difficulty.
